I did not read anything about 'cold stratifying' the seeds first. So did you do that?
Seeds in the soil, without them popping up, does not need sun or light, only when they are sprouted.
Sprouting seeds on a heat mat is possible.
Whats your location? When are you able to put them outside? Because after all, they need to go outside anyway.
I left my maple seeds in a seedtray outdoor all winter. So they are cold stratified by the weather itself, and when the time comes in spring, they will popup by there own.